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中国书法艺术的特点及重要意义
来源:本站 作者:编辑 日期:2020/4/15 16:00:59

中国书法是中华民族的国粹,是人类文明和中国传统文化艺术发展最具经典标志的民族符号,她展示着中华民族的精神气象,是寄托精神、抒发感情的很好形式,更是传承中华文明的重要载体。通过学习书法,不仅可以修身养性、塑造人的高尚品格,还可以培养人的辩证思维能力、专注力、耐力、毅力、想像力等多种能力。

Chinese calligraphy is the quintessence of the Chinese nation, themost classic national symbol of human civilization and the development ofChinese traditional culture and art. It shows the spirit of the Chinese nation,is a good form of spiritual sustenance and emotional expression, and also animportant carrier of inheriting Chinese civilization. By learning calligraphy,one can not only cultivate one's self-cultivation and noble character, but alsocultivate one's dialectical thinking ability, concentration, endurance,perseverance, imagination and other abilities.

书法作为我国独有的民族文化,荟萃了中华民族文化的精髓,是中华民族文化的结晶和象征,有着博大精深的文化内涵和巨大的文化魅力。从历史上讲,书法在自己博大精深的文化根基里,蕴藏着不可侵犯的民族尊严、崇高强大的民族意识和自强不息的创造智慧。通过书法学习,让学生们领会理解汉字文化以及书法艺术的崇高和深广的哲理思考,可以激发学生们的民族自豪感和培养爱国主义思想情感、塑造完美人格。

As the unique national culture of our country, calligraphy gathersthe essence of Chinese culture, is the crystallization and symbol of Chineseculture, and has profound cultural connotation and great cultural charm.Historically speaking, calligraphy contains inviolable national dignity, loftyand strong national consciousness and constant creative wisdom in its profoundcultural foundation. Through the study of calligraphy, students can understandthe noble and profound philosophical thinking of Chinese character culture andcalligraphy art, which can stimulate students' national pride, cultivatepatriotic thoughts and feelings, and shape perfect personality.

中国书法是一门古老的艺术,以不同的风貌反映出时代的精神。从甲骨文、金文演变而为大篆、小篆、隶书,至定型于东汉、魏、晋的草书、楷书、行书诸体,一直散发著独特的艺术魅力。鲁迅先生曾经评价我国的书法艺术是东方的明珠瑰宝,说它如诗如画,有着诗一般的意韵,画一样的灵魂。说它挥洒舞蹈,纵情放歌,有舞的节奏,歌的旋律。我国近代大书法家沈尹默先生的《书法论丛》中讲:“世人公论中国书法是最高艺术,就是因为它能显出惊人的奇迹。”在国际交流中,中国书法艺术具有天然的优势,1956年,已经60多岁的毕加索邀请张大千去巴黎。毕加索知道张大千是中国著名的画家,于是请他当场演示一下,张大千就用毛笔写下了自己的名字。写完以后,毕加索很感慨,他说,“我真不明白,你们中国人为什么要到巴黎来学习艺术?假如我生活在中国,一定是个书法家,而不是画家!”

Chinese calligraphy is an ancient art, reflecting the spirit of thetimes with different styles. From Jiaguwen and Jinwen to Dachuan, Xiaozhuan andLishu, to the cursive script, kaishu and Xingshu, which were established in theEastern Han, Wei and Jin Dynasties, they always exude unique artistic charm.Mr. Lu Xun once appraised the calligraphy art of our country as the Pearl ofthe East, saying that it is like a poem, like a picture, with a poetic charmand a painting soul. It's said that it's dancing, singing, dancing rhythm, songmelody. "The world's public opinion is that Chinese calligraphy is thehighest art, because it can show amazing miracles," said Shen Yinmo, agreat calligrapher in modern China In international exchanges, Chinesecalligraphy has natural advantages. In 1956, Picasso, who was over 60 years old,invited Zhang Daqian to Paris. Picasso knew that Zhang Daqian was a famousChinese painter, so he asked him to demonstrate it on the spot, and ZhangDaqian wrote down his name with a brush. After finishing, Picasso was veryemotional. He said, "I don't understand why you Chinese come to Paris tostudy art? If I live in China, I must be a calligrapher, not a painter! "

中国书法之所以能成为一门历史悠久而又感动世界的艺术,在于它的构成上有许多符合道德要求的因素和原理,其形体结构就有丰富的美感和耐人寻味的情趣,可以从中发现蕴涵其中的德育因素。中国汉字平稳的态势,匀称的体形,和谐的结构,表现了搭配,疏密,穿插,开合,揖让,黑白,协调的整体思想和笔法,墨法,章法等创作的科学原理,充分体现了这一人文科学功能多样的特性。通过对这些内容的书写,就自然产生了润物无声的效果,而这些健康积极向上的内容使学生的思想品德在写字的过程中受到潜移默化的影响,这也是中国书法的神奇所在。

The reason why Chinese calligraphy can become an art with a longhistory and moving the world is that there are many elements and principlesthat meet the moral requirements in its composition, and its body structure hasrich aesthetic feeling and interesting interest, from which moral factors canbe found. The stable situation, symmetrical body shape and harmonious structureof Chinese characters show the scientific principles of the whole idea ofcollocation, density, interpenetration, opening and closing, bowing to yield,black and white, and coordination, as well as the writing method, ink method,and constitution, which fully embodies the diversity of the functions of thehumanities. Through the writing of these contents, it naturally produces theeffect of moistening things silently, and these healthy and positive contentsmake students' Ideological and moral character be influenced imperceptibly inthe process of writing, which is also the magic of Chinese calligraphy.

中国书法是一门古老的艺术,以不同的风貌反映出时代的精神。从甲骨文、金文演变而为大篆、小篆、隶书,至定型于东汉、魏、晋的草书、楷书、行书诸体,一直散发著独特的艺术魅力。鲁迅先生曾经评价我国的书法艺术是东方的明珠瑰宝,说它如诗如画,有着诗一般的意韵,画一样的灵魂。说它挥洒舞蹈,纵情放歌,有舞的节奏,歌的旋律。我国近代大书法家沈尹默先生的《书法论丛》中讲:“世人公论中国书法是最高艺术,就是因为它能显出惊人的奇迹。”在国际交流中,中国书法艺术具有天然的优势,1956年,已经60多岁的毕加索邀请张大千去巴黎。毕加索知道张大千是中国著名的画家,于是请他当场演示一下,张大千就用毛笔写下了自己的名字。写完以后,毕加索很感慨,他说,“我真不明白,你们中国人为什么要到巴黎来学习艺术?假如我生活在中国,一定是个书法家,而不是画家!”

Chinese calligraphy is an ancient art, reflecting the spirit of thetimes with different styles. From Jiaguwen and Jinwen to Dachuan, Xiaozhuan andLishu, to the cursive script, kaishu and Xingshu, which were established in theEastern Han, Wei and Jin Dynasties, they always exude unique artistic charm.Mr. Lu Xun once appraised the calligraphy art of our country as the Pearl ofthe East, saying that it is like a poem, like a picture, with a poetic charmand a painting soul. It's said that it's dancing, singing, dancing rhythm, songmelody. "The world's public opinion is that Chinese calligraphy is thehighest art, because it can show amazing miracles," said Shen Yinmo, agreat calligrapher in modern China In international exchanges, Chinesecalligraphy has natural advantages. In 1956, Picasso, who was over 60 years old,invited Zhang Daqian to Paris. Picasso knew that Zhang Daqian was a famousChinese painter, so he asked him to demonstrate it on the spot, and ZhangDaqian wrote down his name with a brush. After finishing, Picasso was veryemotional. He said, "I don't understand why you Chinese come to Paris tostudy art? If I live in China, I must be a calligrapher, not a painter! "

中国书法之所以能成为一门历史悠久而又感动世界的艺术,在于它的构成上有许多符合道德要求的因素和原理,其形体结构就有丰富的美感和耐人寻味的情趣,可以从中发现蕴涵其中的德育因素。中国汉字平稳的态势,匀称的体形,和谐的结构,表现了搭配,疏密,穿插,开合,揖让,黑白,协调的整体思想和笔法,墨法,章法等创作的科学原理,充分体现了这一人文科学功能多样的特性。通过对这些内容的书写,就自然产生了润物无声的效果,而这些健康积极向上的内容使学生的思想品德在写字的过程中受到潜移默化的影响,这也是中国书法的神奇所在。

The reason why Chinese calligraphy can become an art with a longhistory and moving the world is that there are many elements and principlesthat meet the moral requirements in its composition, and its body structure hasrich aesthetic feeling and interesting interest, from which moral factors canbe found. The stable situation, symmetrical body shape and harmonious structureof Chinese characters show the scientific principles of the whole idea ofcollocation, density, interpenetration, opening and closing, bowing to yield,black and white, and coordination, as well as the writing method, ink method,and constitution, which fully embodies the diversity of the functions of thehumanities. Through the writing of these contents, it naturally produces theeffect of moistening things silently, and these healthy and positive contentsmake students' Ideological and moral character be influenced imperceptibly inthe process of writing, which is also the magic of Chinese calligraphy.

二、节奏美和意境美。构成书法的基本要素是线条,就象音乐的音符,具有流动性。书法的点画之间,字与字之间、行与行之间以至整幅作品中、由于笔画的轻重缓急、字形的大小变化、字形的结构、广窄、开合、伸缩、倚正以及自然的牵连飞渡等等的巧妙运用,使它如舞蹈般富有旋律节奏和诗情画意的意趣,使欣赏者从中得到美的享受。书法和音乐一样,以抽象的语言创造抽象的形象,运用妙笔创造出空灵、博大、幽远、深沉、飘逸,使人精神得到升华和忘我的境界。

2 Beauty ofrhythm and artistic conception. The basic element of calligraphy is lines, justlike musical notes, which have mobility. The ingenious use of calligraphybetween stippling, between characters, between lines and even in the wholework, due to the priority of the strokes, the size change of the font, thestructure of the font, the width, opening and closing, stretching, leaning andnature's implicated flying, etc., makes it full of melody rhythm and poetic interestlike dance, so that the audience can enjoy the beauty from it. Like music,calligraphy creates an abstract image in an abstract language, and creates anethereal, broad, secluded, deep and elegant realm with a fine brush, whichenables people's spirit to be sublimated and selfless.

当人们在慢品书法时,会觉得在书法的字字行行中有一种连绵的气势,或贯入长虹,或珠落玉盘,那就是繁弦急管、漫舞轻歌、抑扬顿挫、喜怒哀乐……这一美妙神秘旋律和节奏感,就像优美的乐曲能激动人的心魄,激励人的情性、激发人的幽思。这样的感觉来自于一种修养,一种艺术情志,一种由时代精神折射出来的精神面目,所有一切铸成的审美内涵,寓于运笔中的点画、布白之中,让读者通过书家创造的总体形象观赏它、感受它、品味它。

When people are tasting calligraphy slowly, they will feel thatthere is a continuous momentum in the lines of calligraphy, either penetratinginto Changhong, or falling on the jade plate, that is, multiple strings, rapidmanagement, dancing and singing, cadence, anger and sadness This wonderfulmysterious melody and rhythm sense, just like the beautiful music can excitepeople's soul, stimulate people's sentiment and stimulate people's thinking.This feeling comes from a kind of self-cultivation, an artistic sentiment, aspiritual face reflected by the spirit of the times, and all the aestheticconnotations cast, which are contained in the stippling and white cloth in thepen, so that readers can appreciate, feel and taste it through the overallimage created by the calligrapher.

三、形体美和气势美。书法由形体由笔画、结构和章法三者组成。优秀的书法作品在字的笔画、结构都力求做到“平中寓险,险中求平、中宫收紧、左右挥洒、倚侧有正、曲中求直”;在章法布局上或“相呼相应、相承相接”,或“虚实相生、空灵相映”。

3 Physicalbeauty and momentum beauty. Calligraphy consists of three parts: strokes,structure and composition. Excellent calligraphy works strive to achieve thegoal of "containing danger in peace, seeking peace in danger, tighteningin the middle of the palace, swinging left and right, leaning on the side andseeking straightness in the music" in strokes and structure of characters;in the layout of the constitution, they either "call for corresponding,inherit and connect each other", or "live with the real and empty,reflect each other with the spirit".

人们追求真情流露、天趣盎然,如在颜真卿《刘中使帖》、怀素的《自叙帖》,在一纸之上,着墨处为黑,无墨处为白;有墨处为实,无墨处为虚;有墨处为字,无墨处亦为字;有字处固要,无字处尤要。又如王羲之《兰亭序》中的21 “之”字,各具情态,形象生动,上下浑然,似天然雕饰,誉为天下第一行书。

People pursue true feelings and full of natural interest. Forexample, in Yan Zhenqing's Liu Zhong Shi tie and huaisu's self narration tie,on a piece of paper, the inked part is black, and the non inked part is white;the inked part is real, and the non inked part is empty; the inked part ischaracter, and the non inked part is character; the character part is fixed,and the non inked part is especially important. It is also like the 21"Zhi" characters in Wang Xizhi's preface to Orchid Pavilion, whichhave different moods, vivid images, natural decorations and are praised as thefirst running script in the world.

特别是书品中的草书,形体极尽变幻,时而整齐匀称,时而参差错落,时而空旷清朗,时而密不透风、时而疏可跑马,形随笔出,字随势生,呈万千气象、诸多风情,对书法欣赏者来说,书家只有通过形体组合线条,把自己真挚,强烈的感情倾注到作品的境界中去,才能使观赏者产生思想感情上的共鸣。

In particular, the cursive script in the calligraphy works isextremely changeable in form, sometimes neat and symmetrical, sometimes uneven,sometimes open and clear, sometimes dense and airless, sometimes sparse and canbe used for running horses, and the characters are born with the situation,showing thousands of Meteorology and many customs. For the calligraphers, the calligraphersonly pour their sincere and strong feelings into the realm of the works throughthe combination of lines and forms Only in this way can the audience have aresonance in thoughts and feelings.

以上是我讲的中国书法特点,归纳起来就18个字:和谐美、动态美、节奏美、意境美、形体美、气势美。最后我讲讲学习中国书法的意义:

The above are the characteristics of Chinese calligraphy that Italked about, which can be summed up in 18 words: harmonious beauty, dynamicbeauty, rhythm beauty, artistic conception beauty, body beauty and momentumbeauty. Finally, I will talk about the significance of learning ChineseCalligraphy:

从根本上讲,书法教育是一种审美教育。随着书法学习实践的不断深入,学生们对美的感受力、感悟力、分辨力以及创造力就会越强,对书法艺术的鉴赏能力也会发生质的飞跃。

Fundamentally speaking, calligraphy education is a kind of aestheticeducation. With the continuous deepening of calligraphy learning practice,students will have a stronger sense of beauty, perception, resolution andcreativity, and will have a qualitative leap in their appreciation ofcalligraphy art.

中国的汉字讲究间架结构,练字的过程中会有意无意地培养孩子严谨的作风。而想把字练好并非一日之功,要经过长时间地、耐心地临摹才会有所收获。练字时循序渐进,按一定的规范进行写字训练,可以有效锻炼毅力和吃苦耐劳的精神。孩子在写好字的过程中养成的好习惯,对以后的成长以及未来都有着极其重要的作用。

Chinese characters pay attention to the structure of space frame. Inthe process of practicing Chinese characters, children's rigorous style will becultivated consciously or unconsciously. It's not a one-day job to practice thecharacters well. It takes a long time and patience to copy them. Step by step,writing training according to certain standards can effectively exerciseperseverance and hard-working spirit. Children's good habits in the process ofwriting good words play an extremely important role in their future growth anddevelopment.

我的体会是:练字一定要趁早,最好从“蒙童识字习字”开始。力争让孩子在小学时就能写得一手好字,因为孩子在上小学时把字写好了,上了中学就再也不会操心书写。在别的孩子因为书写差,而不得不花大量时间练字的时候,你的孩子可以节省出更多的时间,进行文化课的学习,让孩子在激烈的竞争中会更有优势。

My experience is: practice must be early, the best start from"Mongolian children literacy.". Strive to make children write well inprimary school, because children write well in primary school, and they willnever worry about writing again in middle school. When other children have tospend a lot of time practicing calligraphy because of their poor writing, yourchildren can save more time, carry out cultural lessons, and let them have moreadvantages in the fierce competition.

书法启蒙教育的选择,依然应以传统书法观为唯一的审美取向。学习书法是美育的有效手段,凡有文字,既有书写,必有美丑。书写的美丑,既是实用的需求,也是审美的蜕变。自古以来,不少书法家都提倡从楷书入门,因为楷书是所有字体中最规范的字体,其笔画、结构都是其它字体的基础。尤其是青少年书法赛事,更要以传统书法审美为唯一的评判标准,慎谈创新,缓做创新,让中华民族每一个孩子都先懂得“传统之美”是什么,为什么,以及要它做什么,中国的书法复兴之路,才会真正的踏上正途。

The choice of calligraphy enlightenment education should still takethe traditional calligraphy view as the only aesthetic orientation. Learningcalligraphy is an effective means of aesthetic education. Where there iswriting, there must be beauty and ugliness. The beauty and ugliness of writingare not only practical needs, but also aesthetic changes. Since ancient times,many calligraphers have advocated starting from regular script, because regularscript is the most standardized font among all fonts, and its strokes andstructure are the basis of other fonts. Especially for the Youth CalligraphyCompetition, we should take the traditional calligraphy aesthetics as the onlycriterion, talk about innovation carefully and do innovation slowly, so thatevery child of the Chinese nation can first understand what "the beauty oftradition" is, why and what to do, and the road of Chinese calligraphyrejuvenation will really embark on the right path.

那是否就非得按千百年来的说法:必须从楷书入门呢?回答是:对于古人是肯定的。楷书是最容易被大众认识,接受的书体。楷书的优劣也易被大众识别。书法审美从楷书开始,除了有公众熟悉的审美标准,还有学习过程中毅力与坚守等优秀品格的培养,这也是书法艺术带给孩子的珍贵礼物。书法审美力的培养能帮孩子们找到一个基于传承的审美方向,他的学习才不是仅仅基于字的,而更是面向传统文化的。

Is it necessary to start from regular script for thousands of years?The answer is: Yes for the ancients. Regular script is the most easilyrecognized and accepted style. The advantages and disadvantages of regularscript are easily recognized by the public. Calligraphy aesthetics starts fromregular script. In addition to the aesthetic standards familiar to the public,there are also the cultivation of perseverance and perseverance in the learningprocess, which is also a precious gift of calligraphy art to children. Thecultivation of calligraphy aesthetic power can help children find an aestheticdirection based on inheritance. His learning is not only based on words, butalso oriented to traditional culture.

书法是“无言的诗歌、无声的音乐、无图的画面、无形的舞蹈”。中国历代优秀书法作品,无不展示出了作者真挚的爱国情怀、令人震撼的民族精神和伟大的爱国力量!实现中华民族的伟大复兴、传承中国优秀的传统文化是每个炎黄子孙无法推卸的责任担当和神圣使命!!!

Calligraphy is "wordless poetry, silent music, picture andinvisible dance". The excellent calligraphy works of all ages in China allshow the author's sincere patriotic feelings, shocking national spirit andgreat patriotic power! Realizing the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nationand inheriting the excellent traditional culture of China are theresponsibility and sacred mission that every Chinese people cannot shirk!!!

也许有人会问,随着时代的不断进步,电脑用得越来越多,写一手好字能有什么用?其实不然,孩子能写出一手漂亮整洁的字,带来的不仅仅是卷面分数的差距,更重要的是字会跟随孩子一生,是一生的财富。

Maybe someone will ask, with the continuous progress of the times,computers are used more and more, what's the use of writing good words? Infact, if a child can write a beautiful and neat word, it will not only bringabout a gap in score, but more importantly, the word will follow the child'slife and be the wealth of his life.

我母亲六十年代初在陕西师范大学任教,这个学校至今保留着许多中国优秀的传统文化。2018年陕西师范大学4500份新生录取通知书,由10余位老教授用一周时间手写,被广大网友誉为“最具情怀、最值得珍藏”的通知书,而这一传统已经坚持了10多年。在这个印刷体横行的现代社会,当学生收到一份手写录取通知书,感受到的不仅是源于新学校的温度,还有弘扬优秀传统文化的责任。

My mother taught in Shaanxi Normal University in the early sixties,which still has many excellent traditional Chinese culture. In 2018, 4500admission notices of new students from Shaanxi Normal University were writtenby more than 10 old professors in one week, which was praised as the "mostemotional and most valuable" notice by most netizens, and this traditionhas been maintained for more than 10 years. In this modern society of printing,when students receive a written admission notice, they feel not only thetemperature from the new school, but also the responsibility of promotingexcellent traditional culture.

我们常说:文如其人、字如其人。写字如做人,最要精气神,功夫在字外,泱泱中华魂。中小学生学习书法不一定都要成为书法家,但至少应该把字写得清清楚楚。一手好字,能给人一种赏心悦目的感受;一手好字,能透出一个人内在的气韵;一手好字,也能传达人与人之间的心境。“规范、端正、整洁地书写汉字,是学生终身学习能力的基础。

We often say that style is like a person, and words are like aperson. Writing as a person, the most important spirit, Kung Fu in the word,great Chinese soul. Primary and secondary school students do not have to becalligraphers to learn calligraphy, but at least they should write clearly. Agood hand can give people a pleasant feeling; a good hand can reveal a person'sinner charm; a good hand can also convey people's mood. "Writing Chinesecharacters in a standard, correct and neat way is the basis of students'lifelong learning ability.

字正身先正,肘悬肩宜沉;心中存立意,下笔自有神。中国书法是中华文明的根和魂,让我们充分利用、创造优越的条件和机会,让每个孩子都能写一手好字,让浓浓的墨香陪伴孩子们一生!以书法修心、静心、养心,融通世事,为孩子的素质教育倾入源源之力,让每个孩子都成为有“根柢”的中国人。

The character is upright before the body, and the elbow should behanging over the shoulder; there is an idea in the heart, and there is a God inwriting. Chinese calligraphy is the root and soul of Chinese civilization.Let's make full use of and create superior conditions and opportunities so thatevery child can write a good hand, and let the strong ink accompany thechildren all their lives! With calligraphy to cultivate, meditate, nourish, andintegrate the world, we will devote our efforts to the quality education of ourchildren, so that every child can become a "rooted" Chinese.


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